Yanditswe na Seif Gracien Hasingizwimana/Kigali,Rwanda,
Mu Karere ka Huye, 53% by’abagore bakora ubuhinzi bahawe ibikoresho byo kuhira binyuze mu mushinga wa Sustainable Agricultural Intensification and Food Security Project (SAIP II), mu rwego rwo kongera umusaruro w’ubuhinzi no kuzamura imibereho yabo.
SAIP II iterwa inkunga na Global Agriculture and Food Security Program (GAFSP) ibinyujije muri Banki y’Isi, ikaba ishyirwa mu bikorwa n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Ubuhinzi n’Ubworozi (RAB), binyuze muri Single Project Implementation Unit (RAB-SPIU).
Mu Karere ka Huye, abaturage bagiye kubona hegitari zirenga 20 zo guhingaho, mu gihe izindi hegitari 50 zamaze gufashwa n’uyu mushinga mu buryo bwo guhinga neza no kuhira, kugira ngo abahinzi babashe guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe.
Sebutege Ange, Mayor w’Akarere ka Huye avuga ko abaturage bagomba kuhinga batarebera gusa ku byo ikirere cyabateganyirije, ahubwo abahinzi bakajya bahinga buhira kugira ngo babashe kuzamura umusaruro wabo.
Ati: “Ibi bigomba no kujyana no kubona ubushobozi bw’ibikoresho bahabwa, hakabamo n’amahugurwa bagahuzwa n’amasoko, kugira ngo n’umusaruro wabonetse ubashe kugera ku isoko, bukaba uburyo bwo guhinga bugamije kongera umusaruro.”
Sebutege, akomeza avuga ko bishimira aho bamaze kugera, kuko abaturage ubwabo babishima kandi bakagira uruhare mu bikorwa bigamije kongera ibyo bagezeho biramba, bikabafasha kwihaza mu biribwa.
Ati: “Turashimira aho tumaze kugera, kubera ko n’abaturage ubwabo barabishima kandi bakabigira ibyabo kugira ngo bizarambe bibashe kudufasha kwihaza mu biribwa, kuko ari yo ntego y’igihugu cyacu duhuriyeho.”
Mayor w’Akarere ka Huye, avuga ko ku bufatanye na SAIP II, habanje gufashwa amakoperative akorera mu bishanga mu kurinda isuri, kuko yashoboraga kugira ibyo yangiza bigatuma ibyo bagezeho byangirika.
Avuga ko mu gihe cy’izuba, mu gice cy’umusozi amazi atahageraga bihagije, bityo abaturage begereye inkengero z’ibishanga bagahabwa ibikoresho bibafasha kuhira no gukomeza guhinga neza mu buryo burinda isuri.
Ati: “Ku bufatanye n’umushinga SAIP II, mu gihe cy’izuba ntihagwa imvura mu gice cy’umusozi, ntihagera amazi ahagije. Ubu nabo bahawe ibikoresho bibafasha kuhira kugira ngo n’abaturage bari ku nkengero z’ibishanga babashe kuhahinga neza mu buryo bubungabunga isuri, ari nako bizamura umusaruro hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kuhira hifashishijwe ibikoresho umushinga SAIP II yabahaye ndetse bikanafasha no kubabonera aho umusaruro babona bashobora kuwubika mu gihe utaragezwa ku isoko.”
Umusanzu wa SAIP II mu kuhira
Mayor w’Akarere ka Huye avuga ko hafi 85% by’abahinzi bo muri aka karere bafite munsi ya hegitari 0.5.
Ati: “Birumvikana ko iyo tubashije guhuza hegitari zigera kuri 50 ari uburyo bwo kongera umusaruro kandi muri icyo gihe bagahinga season eshatu zose, ibyo bikadufasha kugera ku ntego yo kwihaza mu biribwa.”
Akomeza avuga ko Akarere ka Huye n’abafatanyabikorwa basabye ko imishinga nka SAIP II yafasha abahinzi bafite ubuso buto kugira ubushobozi bwo kuhira no guhinga mu bihembwe bitatu byose.
Mayor Sebutege Ange, Agira inama amakoperative n’abahinzi ku giti cyabo bahawe ibikoresho byo kuhira kubikoresha neza no kubibungabunga kugira ngo bitangirika.
Ati: “Mubyo nabwira abahinzi cyangwa abafatanyabikorwa tubabwira ko amahirwe ataboneka kabiri, ariko ibikorwa birimo gukorwa bishingiye ku byifuzo basabaga kugira ngo bongere umusaruro. Muri byo tubasaba ni uko ibikoresho bahawe babibyaza umusaruro kandi bakagerageza kubibungabunga, ari nako bakora igenamigambi rihagije, kuko iyo turi mu gihe cy’imvura tuvuga ko amazi yabaye menshi rimwe na rimwe akatwangiriza.”
Mu rwego rwo gushaka ibisubizo, Mayor w’Akarere ka Huye, avuga ko abahinzi bagomba kujya bacukura za dame zishobora kubafasha gufata amazi, kugira ngo ibikoresho bahawe bikoreshwe icyo byatangiwe.
Ati: “Cyane iyo abaturage bategereje ko bazabikoresha gusa ku mazi ava mu bishanga cyangwa se no mu migezi, no mu gihe cy’izuba ryinshi tuzi ko hari n’imigezi ishobora gukama mu bice binyuranye. Rero abahinzi barasabwa kujya bashingira ku igenamigambi bagendeye ku cyo ikirere cyaduhaye, kugira ngo babashe kwiteganyiriza, ku buryo bizabafasha kuzamura umusaruro w’ibyo bahawe.”
Mayor Ange, avuga kandi ko ibikomoka kuri peteroli bikiri mu bibazo bigora abahinzi, ariko ko bishimira ko bagenda bahabwa ibikoresho bikoresha imirasire y’izuba.
Ati: “Dufatanije n’umushinga SAIP II, ibigora abahinzi benshi ni ibikomoka kuri peteroli, ariko kandi turashimira ko bagenda bahabwa n’ibikoresha imirasire y’izuba, tukizera ko bashobora kubibyaza umusaruro badahuye n’imbogamizi, no gukorera mu matsinda bikabafasha gukorera mu bumwe.”
Abagore n’urubyiruko mu bikorwa bya SAIP II
Mu Karere ka Huye, umubare munini w’abaturage bakora ubuhinzi ni abagore aho Muri Koperative ya Ruhashya, abagore bangana na 53%, bivuze ko ibikoresho bahabwa bigera kuri bose kandi bikabafasha kwiteza imbere. Abagore kandi bafatanya n’urubyiruko kugira ngo narwo rudasigara inyuma.
Moyor Sebutege Ange, avuga ko amahugurwa menshi atangwa na SAIP II mu rwego rwo kongerera ubushobozi abahinzi, aho n’urubyiruko ruri mu bahabwa ayo mahugurwa.
Ati: “Amahugurwa menshi atangwa na SAIP II mu kongerera ubushobozi abahinzi, urubyiruko narwo rubarizwamo, kubera ko hari pepiniyeri zagiye zikorwa abahinzi bagahabwa ibiti by’imbuto kandi tukanafatanya n’ayo makoperative abitegura kugira ngo bikorwe n’urubyiruko, narwo rujye mu bikorwa by’ubuhinzi, kubera ko ari umwuga ushobora kubateza imbere iyo wakozwe neza kandi mu gihe iyo wawushyizeho umwanya wawe.”
SAIP II yazamuye umusaruro wa Koperative Terimbere
Mazimpaka Saveri, Perezida wa Koperative Terimbere ikorera mu gishanga cya Rwabushakira mu Karere ka Huye, ushinzwe gushaka amazi, avuga ko batangiye guhinga mu mwaka wa 2003, aho buri wese yahingaga ku giti cye.
Bigeze muri 2006, abantu batangiye kwishyira hamwe, aho abantu 20 bashinze itsinda.
Nyuma, iryo tsinda ryagiye gushaka ubuzima gatozi riba Koperative rihita ryemezwa mu 2012. Andi matsinda na yo abonye uburyo koperative yafashaga abantu kwiteza imbere, ahitamo kurebera kuri bagenzi babo.
Ati: “Babonye ko bagenzi babo bari kwiteza imbere binyuze mu kwiyishyurira Mituel, abandi bakagura amatungo banishyurira abana babo amashuri, byabaye ngombwa ko twese dusaba abari basigaye kwibumbira muri Koperative.”
Akomeza avuga ko mu myaka ine ishize bibumbiye hamwe, kandi ko koperative imaze kubageza kuri byinshi, birimo guhabwa ihene no guhabwa amasuka yo gukoresha.
Ati: “Mu myaka 4 ishize twibumbiye hamwe kandi imaze kutugezaho byinshi, birimo kuba twaraguriwe ihene, uko turi abantu 56, buri wese bamuhaye isuka, nta kibazo tukigira.”
Mazimpaka avuga ko mbere y’uko SAIP iza bari babayeho mu buzima butari bworoshye, bagahinga ibigori bakoresheje uburyo bwa gakondo n’amabase, kuko batari bafite ubushobozi bwo kugura imashini.
Ati: “Twahingaga ibigori ariko tugakoresha uburyo bwa gakondo twuhiza amabase kuko tutari dufite ubushobozi bwo kugura izi mashini, ariko SAIP yaradufashije kutujyana muri RAB, baduha ibikoresho baduhaye miliyoni imwe n’ibihumbi 250 Frw.”
Avuga ko umusaruro wiyongereye ugereranyije n’igihe bakoreshaga amabase. Mbere bezaga hagati ya toni 5 na 6, ariko ubu bageze ku kweza toni 16 kuri hegitari 7.
Ati: “Mu mashini twahawe na SAIP zidufasha kuri hegitari 4 bitewe n’uko hari agace amazi ataboneka bitewe n’ibihe.”
SAIP II mubikorwa byo kuhira
SAIP II ni umushinga ugamije kongera umusaruro w’ubuhinzi, kuwushakira amasoko no kwihaza mu biribwa.
SAIP I ni Second Sustainable Agricultural Intensification and Food Security Project, ikaba yarakoreye mu turere 9, mu gihe icyiciro cya SAIP II cyakoreye mu turere 20. SAIP II ikazasoza mu Ukuboza 2026.
Bimwe mu bikorwa uyu mushinga witayeho kandi byagiriye abahinzi akamaro ni ukubaha ibikoresho byo kuhira ku buso buto (Small Scale Irrigation Technology), bituma bashobora guhinga mu bihembwe byose, bityo umusaruro ukongera, bakabasha kubaho neza mu ngo zabo no gusagurira amasoko.
SAIP, kandi yafashije abahinzi bahabwa ibikoresho bibafasha kuhira ku buso buto kuva kuri hegitari 0.5 kugeza kuri hegitari 10. Hari kandi ibikoresho bikoresha imirasire y’izuba (solar-powered irrigation systems) ndetse na Diesel pumps.
SAIP I yafashije abahinzi, kuhira kuri hegitari zirenga 1,367, naho SAIP II ikaba imaze kuhira kuri hegitari 1,200, mu gihe hari hateganyijwe hegitari 1,000.
Abafashijwe na SAIP I na SAIP II bose hamwe ni 3,369, barimo abagabo 1,916 n’abagore 1,453.
SAIP II ikorera mu turere makumyabiri aritwo Huye, Nyagatare, Kirehe, Gatsibo, Bugesera, Kayonza, Ngoma, Rwamagana, Rusizi, Karongi, Nyabihu, Kamonyi, Muhanga, Nyanza, Gisagara, Nyamagabe, Rulindo, Ngororero, Ruhango na Rutsiro.
